Assessment of Scrub Nurses' Knowledge and Practice Toward Sterile Techniques in Operation Rooms at Public Hospitals in Sana'a City, Yemen

Huda Abdul Alrazaq Al-makhlafi; Noof Hassan Essa Saeed Mobarak; Ola Ali Abdoh Hassan Alqubaty; Rehab Moath Ahmed Naji; Rana Nasr Mansur Abdulsafi Mohammed.; Raheb Fahmiy Mahyoub Dahash Al_Mahedy; Rou'a Yousef Saleh Ahmed.; Shaimaa Nabil Qasim Mohammed Al-Harithi; Abrar Abdulmalik Mohammed Esmail Albadani; Anhar Qasim Abdullah Ali Al-Sabri; Amatullah Ali Abdullah Janoush; Amat Alrahman Ibrahim Abdullah Janoush; Dr: Fares Mahdi

doi:10.65693/irss.2026.v7i2.176

المؤلفون

Huda Abdul Alrazaq Al-makhlafi المؤلف
Noof Hassan Essa Saeed Mobarak المؤلف
Ola Ali Abdoh Hassan Alqubaty المؤلف
Rehab Moath Ahmed Naji المؤلف
Rana Nasr Mansur Abdulsafi Mohammed. المؤلف
Raheb Fahmiy Mahyoub Dahash Al_Mahedy المؤلف
Rou'a Yousef Saleh Ahmed. المؤلف
Shaimaa Nabil Qasim Mohammed Al-Harithi المؤلف
Abrar Abdulmalik Mohammed Esmail Albadani المؤلف
Anhar Qasim Abdullah Ali Al-Sabri المؤلف
Amatullah Ali Abdullah Janoush المؤلف
Amat Alrahman Ibrahim Abdullah Janoush المؤلف
Dr: Fares Mahdi المؤلف

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.65693/irss.2026.v7i2.176

الكلمات المفتاحية:

Knowledge، Sterile Techniques، Operating room، Scrub Nurses

الملخص

الخلفية: يُعد الحفاظ على التقنيات المعقمة في غرف العمليات أمراً جوهرياً لمنع التلوث وتقليل مخاطر الإصابة بعدوى موقع الجراحة. وتلعب ممرضات غرف العمليات (الممرضات المعقمات) دوراً محورياً في إعداد الحيز المعقم والحفاظ عليه؛ ومع ذلك، فإن وجود فجوات في المعرفة وعدم الاتساق في الالتزام بممارسات التعقيم قد يهدد سلامة المرضى. الهدف: تقييم مستوى المعرفة والممارسة لدى ممرضات غرف العمليات فيما يتعلق بالتقنيات المعقمة في المستشفيات العامة بمدينة صنعاء، اليمن. الطريقة: أُجريت دراسة وصفية مقطعية في غرف العمليات بمستشفيات الثورة والجمهوري والكويت الجامعي. وباستخدام أسلوب العينة الميسرة، تم اختيار 240 ممرضة مؤهلة من مختلف مناوبات العمل. جُمعت البيانات عبر استبيان مُهيكل يُعبأ ذاتياً ومُقتبس من أدوات معتمدة، وشمل المحاور التالية: البيانات الديموغرافية والمهنية، والمعرفة، والممارسة. استُخدمت الإحصاءات الوصفية والاستدلالية، بما في ذلك معامل ارتباط بيرسون. النتائج: كانت غالبية المشاركات تبلغ من العمر 35 عاماً أو أقل (77.5%) ومن الإناث (55.0%). وحصلت معظمهن على دبلوم عالٍ (42.9%) أو درجة البكالوريوس (38.3%)؛ كما كانت خبرة 48.8% منهن في غرف العمليات أقل من 4 سنوات، ولم تتلقَّ 54.6% منهن تدريباً على التعقيم. وبشكل عام، أظهرت النتائج أن 55.4% لديهن معرفة غير كافية، وأن 52.9% يمارسن العمل بمستوى غير كافٍ. كانت المعرفة مرتفعة فيما يخص القواعد العامة للحيز المعقم، ولكنها منخفضة فيما يتعلق باتخاذ القرارات الحرجة أثناء الجراحة (مثل التعامل مع طلبات المياه المعقمة، والاستجابة لثقب القفاز، والتحرك الآمن بالقرب من المناطق المعقمة). وأظهرت الممارسات التزاماً متوسطاً وغير متسق، مع وجود قصور ملحوظ في التحكم في بيئة العمل وفصل النفايات. وُجدت علاقة إيجابية بين المعرفة والممارسة (معامل الارتباط r = 0.485، والقيمة الاحتمالية p < 0.001). كما تفاوتت مستويات المعرفة والممارسة بشكل دال إحصائياً بناءً على العمر والجنس والحالة الاجتماعية والمستشفى والمستوى التعليمي والخبرة والتدريب، في حين لم تكن هناك علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية مع عدد ساعات العمل اليومية. الخلاصة: أظهرت ممرضات غرف العمليات مستوى دون الأمثل في المعرفة والممارسة المتعلقة بالتقنيات المعقمة، مع وجود فجوات واضحة في الإجراءات عالية المخاطر أثناء الجراحة وبعض سلوكيات مكافحة العدوى. التوصيات: يُوصى بتنفيذ برامج تعليمية دورية قائمة على الكفاءة (بما في ذلك المحاكاة)، وإجراء تدقيق روتيني مع تقديم تغذية راجعة، واعتماد بروتوكولات موحدة لغرف العمليات - لا سيما للتعامل مع حالات التلوث أثناء الجراحة وإدارة النفايات - مع إعطاء الأولوية للموظفات اللواتي لم يتلقين تدريباً مسبقاً.

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