عوامل خطر الإصابة بالتهابات الجهاز التنفسي الحادة بين الأطفال دون سن الخامسة المترددين على المستشفيات العامة في مدينة صنعاء.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65693/irss.2026.v7i2.363الكلمات المفتاحية:
التهابات الجهاز التنفسي الحادة عوامل الخطر الأطفال دون سن الخامسة الأطفال المستشفيات العامة صحة الطفل صنعاء، اليمنالملخص
الخلفية: تُعد التهابات الجهاز التنفسي الحادة من أهم أسباب المراضة والوفيات بين الأطفال في جميع أنحاء العالم، كما تسهم في نحو ثلث وفيات الأطفال دون سن الخامسة في البلدان منخفضة الدخل.
هدف الدراسة: هدفت الدراسة إلى تقييم عوامل خطر الإصابة بالتهابات الجهاز التنفسي الحادة بين الأطفال دون سن الخامسة المترددين على المستشفيات العامة في مدينة صنعاء، اليمن.
المنهجية: استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي المقطعي، وتم جمع البيانات باستخدام استبانة منظمة أُجريت من خلال مقابلات مباشرة، وشملت عينة مكونة من 412 طفلًا.
النتائج: أظهرت النتائج أن 61.4% من المشاركين كانوا ضمن الفئة العمرية من شهر إلى 12 شهرًا، وأن 62.9% كانوا من الذكور. كما أظهرت الدراسة أن 76.2% من الأطفال المشاركين كانوا مصابين بالتهابات الجهاز التنفسي الحادة، بينما لم يكن 23.8% منهم مصابين بها. وكان 87.1% من المشاركين لا يعانون من أمراض رئوية مزمنة، و78.1% لم يكن لديهم تاريخ عائلي للإصابة بالأمراض، في حين أن 55.3% منهم لم يتلقوا فيتامين A خلال الأشهر الستة السابقة.
الاستنتاج: وجدت الدراسة علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الإصابة بالتهابات الجهاز التنفسي الحادة واسم المستشفى ورقم الغرفة، وكذلك بين الإصابة والحالة التغذوية والتاريخ العائلي للأمراض. كما وُجدت علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الإصابة والتعرض لدخان الخشب، والتلوث الناتج عن التدخين، واستخدام الخشب وروث الأبقار.
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